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The relatively greater age of Lithuanian over Latvian was first alleged by August Schleicher (1821-1868), who published the first comprehensive grammatical study of the Lithuanian language. See the Latvian Language Insitute and the Institute of Lithuanian Language. However, Schleicher conducted most of his work in East Prussia and NEVER actually came into contact with the actual primary Lithuanian dialect, so that his conclusions must be regarded with great scepticism. Moreover, Schleicher made his conclusions at a time when there was a near vacuum of information and research on Latvian. The Latvian Grammar ( Lettische Grammatik ) of Endzelins first appeared in Riga in 1922. Essentially, Schleicher's conclusions have just not been questioned since that time, except for a few researchers who HAVE dealt with the subject intensively. Those who have dealt with the issue intensively, such as the German Rainer Eckert or the Scandinavian Ekblom, come to other conclusions. Professor Rainer Eckert, University of Greifswald, provides several examples, which, according to him, point to the relatively greater age of Latvian than Lithuanian, evidenced by: FIRST - the retention of older Indo-European irregular inflections (heteroclites); and, SECOND - retention of the older i-stem in the roots of nominative forms of words, which are not retained in Lithuanian or in Old Prussian. "Older" is used here in following sense: if we presume a proto-language, then a language which most nearly retains the original forms of this language is "older" and languages which show greater innovation in these forms is "newer", although all languages are of course equally "old" in tracing their roots back to the proto-language. To the above two points we can add more: THIRD - Latvian is the ONLY language in Indo-European WITHOUT aspirates. It is impossible to argue that Latvian is an archaic form of Indo-European and somehow allege it has LOST all aspirates without a trace. The only possible explanation is that Latvian NEVER had aspirates - neither did Nostratic ! - and that this is the original state for Indo-European. FOURTH - Latvian is the ONLY language in Indo-European in which ALL words are stressed on the FIRST SYLLABLE, and where later more modern "sing-song" effects are not present and where stress or accent has not been transferred to interceding or closing syllables carrying less than the initial important meaning of the word. FIFTH - the lexical origin of words is easily reconstructed within the Latvian language itself, without recourse to any other outside sources or languages - it is an ORIGINAL language, explaining even difficult forms in Sumerian. SIXTH - the Latvian Dainas, much more prevalent than the comparable Dainos in Lithuanian, point to an ORIGINAL cultural and mythical world later found in other Indo-europeam mythical pantheons in changed form. SEVENTH - the most ancient continuously used cemetery in all of Northern Europe has been found in Latvia, pointing to the origins of individual human burial. EIGHTH - the oldest skull finds in the Baltic are in East Latvia. NINTH - the oldest pottery found in the Baltic is in Latvia.TENTH - the Baltic Langensteiner Wiener B Gene (LWB) is the most prominent in Latvia As written by CEEBIC Net, US Department of Commerce, U.S. Embassy Reports: "NO NEED TO TELL US: LATVIANS -- THE MOST BALTIC OF BALTS 19. AN INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH GROUP LED BY SCIENTISTS FROM THE LATVIAN HISTORY INSTITUTE'S ANTHROPOLOGY LAB RECENTLY ANNOUNCED THAT THEY HAVE FOUND A "BALTIC GENE", A SLIGHT MUTATION IN A GENE DETERMINING BLOOD GROUPS. THE GENE, OFFICIALLY CALLED "LANGSTEINER WIENER B" (LWB), IS MOST PREVALENT IN LATVIANS (5.9% OF THE POPULATION), FOLLOWED BY LITHUANIANS (5.7%), AND ESTONIANS (4%). IN ADDITION, RELATIVELY HIGH PRESENCE OF LWB WAS ESTABLISHED IN FINLAND, NORTHWEST REGIONS OF RUSSIA, POLAND, AND IN SWEDISH POPULATION OF GOTLAND. ONLY AN INSIGNIFICANT CONCENTRATION OF LWB WAS FOUND IN WESTERN EUROPE AND THERE WAS NO TRACE OF THE GENE IN ASIA AND AFRICA." There is little evidence for Lithuanian being older than Latvian except for outdated, unfounded and ill-supported theories of linguists relying on a scholar who was never even in Lithuania. |
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