Earth, Erde, Eretz (bottom of page)
Zeme, Khemia, Hemi, Humus

In Latvian ZEME means "earth" as "soil"
and thus ZEM-, ZEME in Latvian is also the word "below",
i.e. what you have below your feet.

ZEME "below" was opposed to that which is or extends
"above" the earth. which in Latvian is AUGSHA "above"
and hence Latvian AUG- means "grow",
making it identical to the hypothetical Indo-European root *aug.

AUGSHA is also found in Latvian as GAISA, GAISS "air, in the air".

Hence, in Latvian ZEME and GAISS (AUGSHA)
are opposites, applying to UP and DOWN.

We find Latvian ZEME later in language evolution
as SEMI- or HEMI in Greek and Latin
as also in Greek KHEMIA "Egypt, Land".

In English, we retain ZEME "earth, soil"
(Lithuanian ZHEM-) in its original meaning
in CHEMistry, traced to Arabic AL-KIMIYA
which is Latvian instrumental case AR ZEMI
"with Earth, using soil, using products of the earth".

Hebrew ERETZ, English EARTH and German ERDE
are traced by linguists back to the erroneous root of *er-
allegedly meaning "earth, ground"
- but this is already a later description of the
soil not applying to the distinction of up and down
but rather encompassing the Latvian root ARA
meaning "outside" and applied as ARA and AR
to the "plow", literally "to out the earth"
in Latvian also as ARUOT, ARUOTS "plowed land"
but also German ERZ "ore outed from the earth"

Variants are Latvian ARESHUO "outer"
ARSHU or ARSI "will plow"
and thus identical to Northwest Semitic texts in the syllabic terms
ar-su      ar-si

We can thus understand Latvian aRAZHUO, IERAZHUO "cultivate"
as also identical to
Akkadian ERESHU and ARASHU "to cultivate".
or
Akkadian ARISHUTU "agriculture, tillage of the soil"
is Latvian IERAZHUOTUO ("that cultivated")

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